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The most common type of dementia. It gradually affects memory, thinking, language, and the ability to perform everyday activities.

A general term for a decline in memory, thinking, and reasoning that interferes with daily life.

A type of dementia associated with hallucinations, movement problems, sleep disturbances, and fluctuating alertness.

Dementia caused by more than one underlying brain disease, such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

Difficulty remembering recent or past information.

Difficulty recognizing the current time, place, or familiar people.

Increased confusion, anxiety, or agitation that often occurs later in the day in people with dementia.

Restlessness, irritability, or emotional distress that may occur in dementia.

Strong false beliefs that continue despite evidence to the contrary.

Difficulty speaking, understanding language, reading, or writing.

Difficulty recognizing familiar people, objects, sounds, or places.

Specialized housing and care designed for people living with dementia.

A communication approach that acknowledges a person's feelings instead of correcting them.

A therapy that uses memories, music, photographs, or familiar objects to encourage conversation and engagement.

Physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion experienced by someone providing long-term care.

Basic self-care activities such as bathing, dressing, eating, toileting, and walking.

A commonly used screening test that evaluates memory and thinking skills.

Detailed testing performed by a specialist to evaluate memory, language, attention, reasoning, and other thinking skills.

A specialized imaging test that measures brain activity and may help diagnose certain types of dementia.

An evaluation of a person's home to identify fall risks and improve safety for someone living with dementia.

A condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.

An irregular heartbeat that increases the risk of stroke and heart failure.

A heart rate that is slower than normal.

High blood pressure.

Narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart.

Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.

Damage or narrowing of one or more heart valves.

Narrowing of the aortic valve that restricts blood flow from the heart.

A blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the leg.

Swelling caused by excess fluid in the body's tissues.

A doctor who specializes in heart conditions.

A device that detects and treats dangerous heart rhythms.

A test that evaluates how well the heart works during exercise or medication-induced stress.

A test that records the heart's electrical activity.

A blood test used to help diagnose and monitor heart failure.

A blood test that measures cholesterol and triglycerides.

Often called "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.

Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup.

A medication used to relieve chest pain caused by angina.

A medication used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.

A long-term lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe because airflow is blocked.

Long-term inflammation of the airways that causes coughing and mucus production.

An infection of the lungs that causes inflammation and fluid buildup.

A condition in which the lungs cannot provide enough oxygen or remove enough carbon dioxide.

Low oxygen levels in the blood.

Difficulty breathing or feeling unable to get enough air.

A cough lasting more than eight weeks.

A feeling of fullness or mucus buildup in the chest.

Inflammation of the lining surrounding the lungs.

Treatment using supplemental oxygen to improve blood oxygen levels.

A noticeable decline in memory or thinking that is greater than expected with aging but does not significantly interfere with daily life.

Dementia caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, often after one or more strokes.

A group of disorders affecting personality, behavior, or language due to damage in the brain's frontal and temporal lobes.

Gradual worsening of memory, attention, or thinking abilities.

Difficulty understanding surroundings, people, or situations.

A sudden change in attention and thinking, usually caused by illness, infection, medication, or dehydration. Unlike dementia, delirium often develops quickly and may improve with treatment.

Walking away or becoming lost because of memory loss or confusion.

Seeing, hearing, or sensing things that are not actually present.

Mental skills used for planning, organizing, problem-solving, and decision-making.

Difficulty performing familiar tasks despite having normal muscle strength.

A group of symptoms such as anxiety, depression, agitation, aggression, hallucinations, or sleep problems that can occur with dementia.

An approach that focuses on an individual's preferences, values, history, and needs when providing care.

A technique that gently reminds a person about the current time, place, and situation.

A caregiving technique that gently shifts a person's attention away from a stressful or upsetting situation.

Temporary care that gives family caregivers time to rest or attend to personal needs.

More complex daily tasks such as cooking, shopping, managing medications, transportation, and finances.

A cognitive screening test that is often more sensitive than the MMSE for detecting mild cognitive impairment.

An imaging test that provides detailed pictures of the brain and may help identify causes of memory problems.

A professional assessment to determine whether someone can continue driving safely.

The process of discussing and documenting future healthcare wishes before a medical crisis occurs.

A type of heart failure that often causes fluid buildup in the lungs, legs, or abdomen.

Any abnormal heart rhythm.

A heart rate that is faster than normal.

Low blood pressure that may cause dizziness or fainting.

Damage to the heart muscle caused by a blocked artery.

Disease of the heart muscle that affects how well it pumps blood.

A condition where the mitral valve does not close properly.

Reduced blood flow to the legs caused by narrowed arteries.

A blood clot that blocks an artery in the lungs.

A measurement of how much blood the heart pumps with each beat.

A small device implanted to help regulate the heartbeat.

A procedure used to examine the heart and blood vessels.

An ultrasound test that creates pictures of the heart.

A portable monitor that records heart rhythm over one or more days.

A blood test that helps detect damage to the heart muscle.

Often called "bad" cholesterol because high levels increase heart disease risk.

A type of fat found in the blood that can contribute to heart disease when elevated.

A supervised program of exercise, education, and counseling after a heart event.

A medication that slows the heart rate and lowers blood pressure.

A medication used to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease.

A type of COPD in which the air sacs of the lungs become damaged.

A condition in which the airways become inflamed and narrow, making breathing difficult.

Scarring of the lungs that makes breathing progressively more difficult.

Low oxygen levels reaching the body's tissues.

High carbon dioxide levels in the blood caused by inadequate breathing.

A whistling sound heard while breathing due to narrowed airways.

A cough that brings up mucus or phlegm.

Fluid buildup around the lungs.

A supervised exercise and education program for people with chronic lung disease.

Oxygen equipment prescribed for use at home.